Gestão de resíduos sólidos na Microrregião de Lavras

Abstract

The proper management of solid waste as an alternative to the reduction of environmental damage has become a priority topic of debate in many social, public or private spheres. The preservation and conservation of the environment and public health express public interest because it involves negative and / or positive impacts in well-being of a collectivity. According to the National Policy on Solid Waste, the theme is the responsibility of the State, market and society. Although extremely important, public managers do not consider the matter. It is further the lack of initiative from economic stakeholders and social organizations to seek creative solutions. We tried on this work, identify and analyze the converging and conflicting practices among public, private and third sector organizations in solid waste management and recycling in the microregion of Lavras, Minas Gerais State. Therefore, we carried out a literature review, interviews and documentary research. Based on the results, it was found that the governments, specifically those belonging to the microregion of Lavras, lack of adequate institutional and organizational structure for the consolidation of integrated solid waste. Among many problems, stand out the operational, technical and structural ones, such as the difficulty of qualified staff, structure and organization for collectors of recyclable materials, and poor location in some municipalities with landfills near to springs and farmable land. While municipalities have environmental license by FEAM, for operation of sanitary or controlled landfill, the conditions are close to those of the open dump. It was also found limiting institutional factors, such as the malfunction of environmental management councils, the municipal offices, structural related to controlled and sanitary landfill, waste transport, and social factors such as participation, awareness and cultural practice of population on the screening of materials in homes. The municipalities have in common the practice of regular collection, which contributes to the initiation of the municipal solid waste management, combined to the infrastructure of the local destination. The State should rethink their environmental strategies. Still, in the interface among the State, market and society sectors related to the generation of waste we have problems about the consumption and disposal habits that are two major challenges to be designed. In order to provide a full social management of solid waste we suggests the formation of a network of collaborating institutions oriented towards a dialogical action involving these three sectors.