Utilização de cascalho de perfuração de poços de petróleo e fibras de reforço para desenvolvimento de fibrocimentos

Abstract

Oil is the main resource that makes up the world energy matrix, representing a crucial part of the economic chain. Its exploration processes generate large volumes of waste, one of which is the oil well drilling gravel, which needs proper management and disposal to minimize the impacts generated on the environment. At the same time, civil construction has stood out significantly for being in constant growth and progress, being the fastest growing sector today and one of the ones that most uses natural resources and generates environmental impacts. Faced with the search for new technologies and product development aimed at sustainability and reducing pressure on the environment, it is necessary to evaluate alternative materials to meet the demands of this category. In this context, drilling gravel has the potential to be used as a raw material for applications in civil construction, providing use and adding value to the waste and the creation of a more sustainable product. Thus, the opportunity arises to develop composites that can receive the incorporation of this material in their matrix, such as extruded fiber cements, which have not yet been analyzed with drilling gravel. As this product is a cement matrix reinforced with synthetic or natural fibers, industries have chosen to mix polypropylene fibers and cellulosic pulp, due to cost, health issues and durability, ensuring the preservation of the physical and mechanical conditions of fiber cements. From the use of drilling gravel, the possibility of innovation in the fiber cement manufacturing processes is envisioned, generating new properties and allowing the relationship of use and mixture of fibers. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of drilling gravel in substitution of limestone, in proportions of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% on the physical, mechanical, thermal, microstructural and durability properties in fiber cements, as well as how to evaluate the use of cellulosic pulp and polypropylene fibers in the proportions of 0 to 5%, in the matrix of composites produced with drilling residue with use directed to construction materials. Finally, it was possible to establish the best amount of use of drilling gravel in the matrix without affecting the performance of the product and also, to determine the best combination between the fibers used to act in the new composites.