Sustentabilidade ambiental de diferentes dosagens de concreto em ambientes edificados

Abstract

The appropriate selection of material quantities integrated into concrete mixes remains a challenge in designing environmentally sustainable mix proportions. Consequently, this extensive study adopts four distinct perspectives to systematically explore the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of diverse concrete compositions. Specifically, the research delves into the application of hybrid ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) modeling as a predictive tool for quantifying the embodied energy consumption associated with each constituent in the production of conventional concretes (namely cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate) utilized in a construction project. Additionally, the ANFIS model aids in forecasting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions linked to conventional concrete employed in constructing biodigesters within pig farming facilities. Parallelly, an assessment is conducted on the environmental sustainability of self-compacting concretes featuring the integration of sanitary ware waste (SWW). Furthermore, the study examines carbon emissions and the embodied energy within the context of designing conventional concrete mixtures for rural residential structures. As a result of this investigation, the computational predictions generated by the ANFIS model exhibit commendable accuracy in relation to the Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA) and the Life Cycle Carbon Emissions Assessment (LCCO2A) for concrete applications within built environments. From a sustainability standpoint, the study underscores the significance of precision in gauging the requisite material quantities for manufacturing environmentally more responsible concrete formulations. This meticulous approach to mix design has the potential to yield a substantial reduction of approximately 24.77% in energy demand, coupled with a noteworthy decline of 31.41% in CO2 emissions. Pertaining to the incorporation of SWW, the study illuminates its profound contribution to sustainable development, manifesting through the curtailment of improper waste disposal in the environment and the extension of the useful life of such waste. This, in turn, fosters strategic pathways for optimizing concrete mix designs. Despite the potential ramifications when applied on a broader scale, the propositions advanced in this thesis exhibit promising prospects in addressing the environmental impact wrought by the concrete industry.