Desempenho e parâmetros de saúde de matrizes suínas e de suas leitegadas com o uso de probiótico composto de Bacillus subtilis-54 e Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-516

Abstract

Due to the hyperprolificacy of modern sows and the high nutritional requirements, nutritional strategies are being extensively researched and developed, with the aim of improving production efficiency. The use of probiotics has demonstrated great potential due to their beneficial properties on intestinal health and productive performance of pigs and their progeny. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotics in the diet of 584 sows, with 292 repetitions, during a reproductive cycle, on the performance and physiological parameters of the sows and their litters. It was conducted on a commercial farm in Oliveira-MG, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with two dietary treatments were evaluated: control treatment, basal diet without probiotic and probiotic treatment, basal diet supplemented with 400g/ton of probiotic composed of Bacillus subtilis- 541 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-516, supplied on top. Feed consumption was evaluated throughout the experimental period. The weight and thickness of sow fat were measured at the entrance and exit of each phase. Piglets were weighed individually at birth and weaning. Performance variables and physiological parameters were analyzed: cortisol, colostrum and blood immunoglobulins, fecal bacterial count, C-reactive proteins, inflammatory cytokines and ileal histomorphometry. As main results, sows in the probiotic treatment produced a greater amount of milk (8.388 kg/day vs 7.736 kg/day), had greater body loss (8.196% vs 7.736%) and had lower postpartum cortisol levels (0.600 µg/ dL vs 1.110 µg/dL). Piglets in the probiotic treatment had greater weaning weight (5.143 kg vs 4.812 kg), greater daily weight gain (188 g vs 176 g), fewer deaths from crushing (18% vs 23.741%), lower incidence of arthritis (2.081% vs 2.805), lower expression of pathogenic bacteria (non-E.coli coliforms, E.coli coliforms, total coliforms and Clostridium perfringens) and lower expression of Lactobacillus sp. fecal (1.3 x 108 vs 2.6 x 108), higher expression of fecal MPO (61.273 vs 33.576 min.gtissue -1 ) close to weaning and higher values ​​for ileal histomorphometric measurements. Feed supplementation with 400g/ton of probiotic during pregnancy and lactation improves performance and has a positive effect on the health parameters of the sow and piglets.