Fatores de risco para brucelose como doença ocupacional entre os médicos veterinários do PNCEBT no Distrito Federal

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella and which has a strong occupational nature precisely because it is mainly affected by veterinarians due to their constant activities external to cattle, which also includes contact with anti-Brucella abortus vaccines. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of brucellosis among veterinarians registered to carry out vaccination in the Federal District and accidental exposure to the S19 and RB51 vaccines. Furthermore, the study also aimed to identify the main risk factors related to the transmission of human brucellosis. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, in total, 107 participants responded to the questionnaire and were included in the research through a census. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the R4.2 statistical software, as well as simple association analyzes using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. It was possible to identify through self-reports that 8.41% (9/107) [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.49 to 15.22] had occupational brucellosis and 22.43% (24/109) [95% CI: 15.56 to 31.21] were accidentally exposed to the B19 vaccine. More than half, 55.56% (5/9) stated that they had had the disease through accidental exposure to vaccines and of those who were accidentally exposed, 54.17% (13/24) stated that they had suffered exposure during vaccination. animal. Furthermore, among these professionals, through association analyses, it is agreed that public servants are 13.79 (95% CI: 1.64 - 115.91) more likely to have brucellosis when compared to self-employed professionals. Given the above, it can be concluded that both the self-reported prevalence of B. abortus infection and accidental exposure to the S19 vaccine were high and that this exposure is linked to the participants' employment status.