Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de híbridos de cebola no sudeste e centro-oeste brasileiro

Abstract

The development of new onion hybrids is increasingly practiced by private companies, but in addition to the high cost of a program and the long period required to launch a product, there is the interaction between the genotype and the environment that makes this process difficult both in the selection phase and in the subsequent positioning of a hybrid in the market. Aiming to mitigate this interaction effect, studies of adaptability and stability may be applied. In this work, trials were sown in 7 different locations, in the states of Minas Gerais, Goias and São Paulo, all in a randomized block design with 3 replications. Eight onion hybrids were used, 3 of which were commercial and 5 were new products developed by Enza Zaden company.Analysis of variance was carried out for each location and after the confirmation of residues heterogeneity, a joint analysis of the data was done. There was a significant interaction between hybrid and environment, showing necessity for adaptability and stability studies that were carried out according to methods proposed by Eberhart & Russel (1966) and by the approach of Lin & Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998). Two commercial hybrids and one experimentalshowed higher productivity averages, but there was a small discrepancy in the adaptability and stability results considering the two techniques applied. However, the Com 2 and Exp 4 hybrids showed high adaptability and stability in both methods.