Levantamento de espécies nativas utilizadas em sistemas agroflorestais pela agricultura familiar de Goiás

Abstract

This research aimed to identify native plant species used by family farmers in the state of Goiás, focusing on agroforestry systems and sustainable practices with low-carbon emission technologies. Using a qualitative approach, eight properties located in four municipalities in Southwest Goiás were analyzed. Data collection involved field observations, farmer interviews, ethnobotanical surveys, and mapping of the studied areas. The study revealed a wide diversity of native species integrated into productive systems, with emphasis on food, medicinal, timber, and artisanal uses. Despite their ecological potential, commercialization remains concentrated on a few species, such as Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) and Baru (Dipteryx alata), which demonstrated greater adaptability to the biome and higher economic returns. Additionally, the results showed that many farmers use these species not only for income generation but also for self-consumption, crop shading, windbreaks, and environmental preservation. In some cases, seedling production and the implementation of agroecological corridors also emerged as necessary strategies. Common challenges identified among producers include difficulties in marketing native by-products and the absence of public policies that promote the value of Cerrado biodiversity. Nevertheless, local initiatives indicate promising paths for diversifying agroforestry systems and strengthening family farming. The study concludes that expanding the use of native species requires structural incentives, technical training, and the development of market networks that recognize the ecological, cultural, and economic value of these plant resources.