Incidência de ocratoxina A em vinhos e avaliação da exposição dos consumidores

Abstract

The assessment of exposure to mycotoxins is an important aspect of public health in view the possibility of preventing or minimizing the incidence of diseases resulting from its interaction with the body. OTA has been frequently found as a contaminant of grapes, grape juice and wine, and is considered one of the most harmful mycotoxins to human health. In this context, this study was to evaluate the occurrence of OTA in domestic wines (table wines) and imported, as well as assess the risk of human exposure to the toxin. The quantification of OTA in wine samples was performed by the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. Part of the samples (36.84%) showed contamination by ochratoxin A, all samples being imported. Ochratoxin A contamination in wine was relatively low, with the exception of two samples from France and Argentina who obtained values of 2.47 and 2.78 mg/L respectively. Only two samples of table wines analyzed were contaminated both from Portugal. Of the total number of contaminated samples, 85.71% had levels of ochratoxin A contamination by less than 2 μg/L. The wines that OTA was not detected or the concentration was below the LQ <0.16 were the national red table wine, white and rosé. Samples of national wines, showed no contamination by OTA, a fact relevant as the production and consumption of the beverage in the country are growing each year, despite the consumption of imported wines by the Brazilian population is still predominant. Regarding the risk of human exposure to the toxin through consumption of wine, even in samples that had values above the permitted contamination, the risk was low, since this beverage consumption in Brazil is still limited.