Identificação de fungos dos gêneros Aspergillus e Penicillium em solos preservados do cerrado

Abstract

This study was conducted with the objective to investigate the fungi diversity Aspergillus and Penicillium genus in cerrado soils and to evaluate qualitatively the cellulase enzyme production. Soil samples were collected during periods of high and low rainfall in conserved cerrado regions belonging to municipalities of Arcos, Luminárias and Passos in the Minas Gerais State. For this study were collected thirty soils samples of these regions. The filamentous fungi isolation present in these soils was performed by serial dilution technique. Isolation was performed in two culture media, DG18 and CMA and then were incubated at 25°C for a period of seven days. In the high rainfall period were identified 86 isolates and low rainfall 97 isolates, totaling 183 isolates belonging to Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. The most abundant species found were: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ostianus and Penicillium citrinum. In relation to the isolates of the species Aspergillus sulphureus, these presented the highest enzyme level for the production of the cellulase enzyme. Works done with fungi present in soils of natural ecosystems are important, since there are little information about these types of fungi in the cerrado biome and in the Minas Gerais State. Therefore, the study is needed primarily for the purpose to contribute to the knowledge of microbial diversity in native regions poorly studied.