Aspectos legais e técnicos da regularização ambiental no Brasil

Abstract

All states must implement public policies and establish programs for environmental regulation since the enactment of the New Forest Code (CF). However, many states do not have legal instruments to direct regularization actions, as in Minas Gerais state. The effective control and inspection of protected areas within rural properties are very important to boost environmental recovery and regularization actions. It is questioned if control and inspection followed the updating of the CF. The objective was to reveal the scenarios in which the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) and Legal Reserves (RL) are legally located and, secondly, to assess and disclose the political and scientific aspects necessary to enforce environmental restoration, from a decision tree, as well as pointing out the aspects to be considered in the construction of this tool. In order to know the main risks and threats under which the APP and RL are being submitted and to evaluate the degradation scenarios, the environmental infractions occurred in Minas Gerais were researched and statistical analyzes and models were carried out. For the composition of the key, with knowledge of illicit activities, the negative impacts and the possible recommended techniques were associated with an extensive bibliographical and documentary review. The results indicated that the control and inspection system did not accompany the updating of legal instrumentation, making it difficult to comply with the Law and exposing protected areas to degradation. Therefore, these will need environmental regularization and, consequently, decision keys as a support tool. In order for the regularization to be effective and enforced, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental inspection agencies and scientific studies that increase the efficiency of the decision keys.