Influence of residual stress models prescribed in design codes for steel I-section behavior

Abstract

Non-uniform cooling of steel cross-sections during the manufacturing process generates a state of residual stresses in the cross-section. Design codes describe the distribution of these stresses in different ways. This work aims to numerically investigate the influence of these models on the behavior of bare steel and steel-concrete composite sections by the curves: flexural stiffness-bending moment, moment-curvature and yield curves (initial and full yield). These procedures are important for the study of the simplified curves used in some methodologies of the refined plastic hinge method (RPHM) analysis. The study will use the strain compatibility method (SCM), where, if the axial strain of the cross-section point is known, the section stiffness is obtained using the tangential Young's modulus derived from the materials constitutive relationship. A fiber discretization algorithm is applied and the residual stresses are explicitly inserted into the fibers automatically. The methodology was calibrated using the moment-curvature relationship and the flexural stiffness-bending moment curve. These results were numerically stable and good convergence with literature data was obtained. In general, the residual stress model of the American standard (AISC, 2016) defines a larger elastic region within the interaction diagrams then European model (CEN, 2005). The results obtained showed that the initial yield curves for steel I-sections under minor axis bending require revision for application to RPHM, mainly due to the loss of symmetry in relation to the M axis in the normal force-bending moment (NM) interaction diagram.