Teoria da escolha pública: uma análise bibliográfica do caso brasileiro

Abstract

The Theory of Public Choice emerged in the eighteenth century with the French Enlightenment Marquis de Condorcet and his definition of the voting paradox. Since then this theory has brought innovations to the field of public policies, trying to understand how public agents and citizens act to make decisions. The TEP is between politics and economics and aims to apply the Theory of State in voting rules, explain the behavior of voters, political parties and democracy. The present work sought to investigate the main characteristics that define the process of public choice in Brazil. More precisely, it describes the political and bureaucratic structure of the Brazilian State, analyzing the process of collective decision making on the public good and investigating the foundations that characterize the process of public choice in the country. The bureaucratic model was disseminated in public administrations during the 20th century, with Max Weber (SECCHI, 2009) as its main mentor, author of the book "Economy and Society". The term accountability arises in the Brazilian academic milieu soon after the military dictatorship of 1964 with more depth since the country lived a redemocratization, that had its height with the federal constitution of 1988 (PINHO and SACRAMENTO, 2009). The patrimonial inheritance comes from the Portuguese culture that settled in Brazil colony from 1500, process that made Brazil "patrimony" of Portugal (AGUIAR, 2000). The methodology used was a comprehensive bibliographical study about the conception of public choice theory in Brazil, its origin, trajectory and evolution.