Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de alface americana em cultivo de verão nas regiões de Sorocaba/SP e Mogi das Cruzes/SP

Abstract

This study aimed to identify iceberg lettuce cultivars with greater adaptability and production stability under summer conditions in the macro-regions of Sorocaba/SP and Mogi das Cruzes/SP. A total of 8 experiments were conducted, 4 in Sorocaba/SP region and 4 in Mogi das Cruzes/SP region, each one considered a distinct growing environment. All trials were conducted by commercial growers specialized in cultivation of iceberg lettuce. The trials were transplanted between October and December 2024 and evaluated between November 2024 and February 2025. Seven varieties of iceberg lettuce were used, five standard commercial and two new varieties developed by Enza Zaden company. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The following parameters were evaluated: tassel size, head weight, percentage of marketable plants and disease tolerance. These parameters were subjected to adaptability and stability analysis using the Annicchiarico method. Of the commercial genotypes, COM. 03 stood out positively in relation to head weight and disease tolerance for all environments and favorable environments, while COM. 02 stood out negatively in relation to all parameters. Genotype EXP. 01 showed good results, mainly in unfavorable environments, for head weight and percentage of marketable plants. Finally, material EXP. 02 showed the best results considering tassel size, percentage of marketable plants and disease tolerance, considering favorable and unfavorable environments, thus having greater adaptability and stability among all genotypes under these growing conditions and with greater potential for commercial release.