Impacto do efeito Sagnac nas propriedades termodinâmicas e magnetocalóricas de um gás eletrônico bidimensional em rotação

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the influence of the Sagnac effect on the thermodynamic proper- ties of a non-interacting two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) confined in a rotating sample under a uniform magnetic field. The study aims to understand how rotation and the distinction between effective mass (m∗) and gravitational mass (m G ) affect the energy levels and resul- ting thermodynamic properties. To achieve this, we relate inertial forces to the Sagnac and Aharonov-Bohm effects, from which we derive the system’s Hamiltonian and, consequently, the partition function. This formalism allowed us to extract the system’s thermodynamic pro- perties, study the magnetocaloric effect, and graphically represent them as functions of tempe- rature. Our results demonstrate that rotational effects and effective mass properties are crucial for understanding the thermodynamics of electronic systems under magnetic fields, with direct implications for thermal modulation in semiconductor materials.