Uso de rejeito de mineração, bagaço de cana e baba de cupim sintética na produção de adobes

Abstract

The adobe produced from residual raw materials from mineral, agricultural and industrial extraction processes appropriates the following potentialities: low energy consumption in its production; good thermal performance; and diversity of application. However, some parameters need attention, such as water absorption, low mechanical strength, durability and retractability.However, some parameters need attention, such as water absorption, low mechanical strength, durability and retractability. Thus, the objective of this work is to verify the feasibility of the proposed engineering and the characterization of the adobes produced with mining tailings from the rupture of the Fundão dam, located in the municipality of Mariana-MG, reinforced with sugarcane bagasse particles and stabilized with synthetic termite saliva. The following treatments were produced: reference treatment produced only with tailings; treatments with the addition of sugarcane bagasse particles (3.0, 5.0; and 7.0% in dry mass); treatments with the addition of synthetic termite saliva (0.07; 0.10; and 0.20% dry mass). The final materials and products have undergone characterizations.In the adobes, the following were evaluated: physical-mechanical properties; thermal properties; and microstructures. The reinforcement with sugarcane bagasse and synthetic termite saliva promoted the reduction of the density of the adobes, with a reduction of up to 41%, when compared to the reference treatment. However, the same treatments showed expansion in up to 9.36mm and contraction in up to 6.40mm.The adobes, with both reinforcements, presented water absorption between 6.44% and 2.15%, with a reduction in the height of capillary absorption. Regarding compressive and flexural strength, the treatments with reinforcements showed a reduction in their capacity.Regarding compressive and flexural strength, the treatments with reinforcements showed a reduction in their capacity. For the thermal conductivity values, which were between 0.2264 and 0.2456 W*m/ºC, the reinforced adobes are materials with excellent thermal comfort.The results suggest that the mining tailings show promise in the production of adobes, in addition to the use of sugarcane bagasse and synthetic termite saliva as composite reinforcements, considering its application in sealing systems.