Fundamentos filosóficos para interpretar o ofício docente a partir do niilismo Nietzschiano

Abstract

This essay addresses an investigation into the question of nihilism in Nietzsche and the symptoms of nihilism observed in the teaching profession, in order to diagnose the working conditions experienced by professionals working in elementary education, the second stage of basic education. The research was qualitative, exploratory in its objectives, and used a bibliographic study as its procedure. The work sought to answer the question: what are the symptoms of cultural nihilism in the educational context and its relationship with teacher training in Basic Education? During the research process, we observed, through dialogue with other authors, that the working conditions of teachers have contributed to feelings of disbelief, emptiness, collapse of values, and lack of meaning in the profession. However, inspired by Nietzsche's aesthetic values, we envision the possibility of thinking about and constructing the teaching profession as an artistic process, a transvaluation of values, and overcoming the obstacles that arise in the exercise of the teaching profession. Even in the face of nihilistic feelings and the denial of the will to power, it is possible to affirm creative force, the invention of oneself and the teaching profession. Therefore, we propose the philosophy of the tragic not as a way of being, but as a construction of a permanent becoming in the face of reality. Furthermore, we research contributions to teacher training in order to consider the possibility of improvements in the Brazilian educational context and in the quality of basic education.