Do cuidado de si à formação do sujeito: uma análise da hermenêutica foucaultiana e suas raízes na filosofia antiga

Abstract

This dissertation examines Michel Foucault's hermeneutics of the subject, emphasizing the concept of epiméleia heautoû or "care of the self" and its philosophical roots in ancient traditions. Based on Foucault's reflections in "The Hermeneutics of the Subject," this study seeks to understand how ancient Greek and Hellenistic philosophical practices influenced Foucault's views on the historical constitution of subjectivity. It specifically discusses how Socrates, Plato, and the Stoics developed ethical and reflective practices that shape subject formation within particular social and power relations contexts. The analysis shows that, for Foucault, subjectivity is not a fixed essence but a historical product shaped by discourses and normative practices that can be challenged and transformed through ethical self-care. This perspective provides significant critical insights for rethinking modern subjectivity, its mechanisms of social control, and the possibilities of active resistance to dominant norms.