Dinâmica da comunidade microbiana de Bokashi e efeito no desenvolvimento inicial de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.

Abstract

The use of native microorganisms collected from natural environments to produce fermented bioinputs such as Bokashi represents a promising agroecological strategy. These microorganisms exhibit high functional diversity, providing ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, plant growth promotion, and pathogen suppression. When incorporated into organic substrates such as plant bran, they act as biological catalysts in the fermentation process, promoting partial decomposition of organic matter and the synthesis of plant-beneficial secondary metabolites. This not only increases nutrient bioavailability but also supports beneficial rhizosphere colonization when the bioinput is applied to the soil. In addition, the production of fermented compost contributes to farmer autonomy, potentially reducing reliance on chemical inputs while fostering the restoration of soil health through the reactivation of microbial ecosystem services in degraded soils. This work is organized into three chapters: the general introduction (Chapter 1), the characterization and microbial dynamics of Bokashi fermentation with native microorganisms (Chapter 2), and the evaluation of the compost as an inoculum source for Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. seedlings (Chapter 3). The results demonstrated that Bokashi fermentation inoculated with native microorganisms followed a well-defined microbial succession. Early stages were dominated by fermentative yeasts (Pichia, Torulaspora) and lactic acid bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus, Lacticaseibacillus). Over time, bacterial genera associated with polymer degradation and agronomic potential, such as Bacillus and Streptomyces, emerged, along with filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus and Xeromyces, capable of exploiting more recalcitrant substrates and contributing to the biocontrol of soil pathogens. When evaluated as an inoculum source, the concentrated form of the compost favored greater bacterial diversity, whereas the diluted form supported greater fungal diversity, indicating that different inoculation regimes modulate rhizosphere composition. These findings reinforce the potential of Bokashi inoculated with native microorganisms as a viable alternative for introducing beneficial microbial communities that deliver ecosystem services in the soil, thereby contributing to greater sustainability and ecological resilience of production systems.