Para além do círculo unitário: explorando as funções trigonométricas do ENEM com ferramentas computacionais

Abstract

This work investigated the content of Trigonometric Functions and how it is assessed in the Brazilian National High School Examination (ENEM). The research used the computational resources GeoGebra and Maxima as visualization and algebraic calculation tools in the application of mathematical concepts. The analysis showed that each tool has strengths and weaknesses, limitations and possibilities, making it possible to verify the complementarity between the software. The dynamic and visual characteristics of GeoGebra were investigated, as well as the powerful algebraic capacity offered by Maxima, demonstrating how each software can complement the other in the study of Trigonometric Functions. To this end, a historical analysis of the ENEM questions involving such functions was carried out, the traditional analytical resolution was applied, and a resolution with the aid of the software was proposed. As a result, it was possible to compare the potential of the software and, at the end, a didactic sequence was developed for the application of the tools in teaching trigonometric functions. Thus, the work provides new perspectives, alternative strategies, and greater conceptual depth, contributing to the enrichment of teaching practice through the use of computational resources.